{"id":390,"date":"2018-03-22T16:52:18","date_gmt":"2018-03-22T07:52:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost:8080\/wp\/?page_id=390"},"modified":"2026-04-08T17:29:27","modified_gmt":"2026-04-08T08:29:27","slug":"macrophage_gcmaf_faq_eng","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/saisei-mirai.or.jp\/en\/treatments\/macrophage_gcmaf_faq_eng\/","title":{"rendered":"Frequently asked questions (FAQ)"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n
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Frequently Asked Questions<\/h1>\r\n

Below you can find answers to the most common questions regarding Second Generation GcMAF, Oral GcMAF, therapy protocols, and ordering & shipping.<\/p>\r\n<\/header>\r\n

General GcMAF questions<\/h2>\r\n
\r\nWhat are macrophages?<\/summary>\r\n
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Macrophages (Greek: big eaters) are cells originating from monocytes, a type of white blood cell found in the body. Macrophages function in both non-specific defense (innate immunity) as well as help initiate specific defense mechanisms (adaptive immunity) of vertebrate animals. Their role is to phagocytize (engulf and then digest) cellular debris and pathogens, either as stationary or as mobile cells. They also stimulate lymphocytes and other immune cells to respond to pathogens. They are specialized phagocytic cells that attack foreign substances, infectious microbes and cancer cells through destruction and ingestion. A macrophage of a mouse stretching its \u201carms\u201d (pseudopodia) to engulf two particles, possibly pathogens.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details>

\r\nWhat is GcMAF?<\/summary>\r\n
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GcMAF (Gc Protein derived Macrophage Activating Factor) occurs naturally in our bodies and instructs macrophages to destroy cancerous cells and foreign invaders by activating them.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details>

\r\nWhere are macrophages found in the body?<\/summary>\r\n
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Macrophages and other phagocytes are found in the following locations in the body:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Main location<\/th>\r\nTypes of phagocytes<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
Skin *<\/td>\r\nmacrophages, resident Langerhans cells, dendritic cells, mast cells<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Gut and intestinal Peyer\u2019s patches *<\/td>\r\nmacrophages<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Lungs *<\/td>\r\nmacrophages, monocytes, mast cells, dendritic cells<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Blood<\/td>\r\nneutrophils, monocytes<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Bone marrow<\/td>\r\nmacrophages, monocytes, sinusoidal cells, lining cells<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Connective tissue<\/td>\r\nmacrophages, monocytes, dendritic cells, histiocytes<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Lymphoid tissue<\/td>\r\nmacrophages, monocytes, dendritic cells<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Spleen<\/td>\r\nmacrophages, monocytes, sinusoidal cells<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Thymus<\/td>\r\nmacrophages, monocytes<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

* These locations offer the best sites for GcMAF administration. The skin<\/strong> by subcutaneous (SC) or intramuscular (IM) injection, the gut<\/strong> by oral administration, and the lungs<\/strong> by inhalation using a nebulizer (such as Omron NE-U22V Portable Nebulizer).<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details>

\r\nWho is Saisei Mirai?<\/summary>\r\n
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Saisei Mirai is a medical group in Japan focusing on immunotherapy and regenerative approaches, with clinical and research experience in immune-related treatments and protocols. We work with other clinics and doctors both here and in Japan, as well as with various universities conducting clinical trials and doing research & development.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details><\/div>\r\n\r\n

Second Generation GcMAF<\/h2>\r\n
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\r\nHow is this new GcMAF different from previous GcMAF preparations?<\/summary>\r\n
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Second Generation GcMAF is made using a new and improved 2nd generation method of Gc-MAF production which is 10\u201320 times more concentrated and is more active and stable than other GcMAF that is currently available. Importantly, this much higher concentration GcMAF has been clinically demonstrated to be largely free of any side effects in the great majority of patients and is much more stable because it is resistant to oxidation. First Generation GcMAF vs Saisei Mirai Second Generation GcMAF concentration First Generation GcMAF: 100 ng Second Generation GcMAF: 1500 ng.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details> \r\n

How stable is Second Generation GcMAF?<\/summary>\r\n
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Second Generation GcMAF is stable for a minimum of 2 weeks at room temperature. See our Stability of GcMAF in Serum (PDF) report produced by Tokushima University. We completed a longer stability experiment which found that Second Generation GcMAF is stable for 4 weeks at room temperature without loss in macrophage activation activity, so the GcMAF remains highly potent. We estimate from our experiments that our GcMAF remains highly active without loss in activity for at least 1 month at room temperature. Refrigerated there is no loss in activity for over 1 year.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details>

\r\n\r\nWhat other immunotherapies do you produce?<\/summary>\r\n
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In addition to GcMAF we produce NK cells (which we call Hyper T\/NK Cell Therapy), lymphocytes and dendritic cells (DC). We are continuously researching and developing new immunotherapies for patients in collaboration with various universities in Japan.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details>

\r\nWhere do you produce Second Generation GcMAF?<\/summary>\r\n
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We produce GcMAF in our own Saisei Mirai Cell Processing Center (CPC)<\/em> in Osaka, Japan.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details><\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Oral GcMAF<\/h2>\r\n
\r\nHow long does Oral GcMAF remain active?<\/summary>\r\n
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Oral GcMAF is stable with high macrophage phagocytic activity for at least 1 year. Long-term stability testing is currently being conducted. To maintain maximum long-term activity we recommend Oral MAF be stored refrigerated.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details>

\r\nIs Oral GcMAF a replacement for Second Generation Gc-MAF?<\/summary>\r\n
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For most serious diseases we recommend a combination of Oral GcMAF and GcMAF injections. Because the site of administration is different so too is the area of macrophage activation and the effect.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/details>

\r\nWhat are the commonly observed clinical effects of Oral GcMAF?<\/summary>\r\n
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We have observed a number of common clinical effects from Oral GcMAF, such as:<\/p>\r\n